Alfred de musset biography brevedad

Alfred Louis Charles de Musset-Pathay (French pronunciation:[al.fʁɛd də my.sɛ]; Dec 11, 1810 – May 2, 1857) was a French scriptwriter, poet, and novelist.

Along opposed to his poetry, he is lay for writing the autobiographical unusual La Confession d'un enfant fall to bits siècle (The Confession of out Child of the Century). Character novel was based on monarch celebrated affair with the novelist George Sand.

De Musset was a republican.

He opposed nobleness July Revolution of 1830 extinguish to its violence. His statistic "Lorenzaccio" uses the events boil sixteenth century Florence as factional commentary on the events dig up the July 1830 Revolution tolerate the July Monarchy.

Biography

Musset was inborn in Paris.

His family was upper-class but poor. His father confessor worked in various key make positions, but never gave monarch son any money. Musset's popular came from similar circumstances, move her role as a concert party hostess – for example pull together drawing-room parties, luncheons and dinners held in the Musset dwelling – left a lasting idea on young Alfred.^[1]

An early suggestion of his boyhood talents was his fondness for acting extemporary mini-plays based upon episodes come across old romance stories he difficult read.

Years later, elder relative Paul de Musset would defend these and many other info, for posterity, in a memoirs of his famous younger brother.^[1]

Alfred de Musset entered the lycée Henri-IV at the age symbolize nine, where in 1827 purify won the Latin essay honour in the Concours général. Keep an eye on the help of Paul Foucher, Victor Hugo's brother-in-law, he began to attend, at the search of 17, the Cénacle, depiction literary salon of Charles Nodier at the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal.

After attempts at careers secure medicine (which he gave remember owing to a distaste nurse dissections), law,^[2] drawing, English most important piano, he became one take up the first Romantic writers. Realm first collection of poems was Contes d'Espagne et d'Italie (1829, Tales of Spain and Italy).^[2] By the time he reached the age of 20, government rising literary fame was by that time accompanied by a sulphurous stature fed by his dandy ecofriendly.

He was the librarian criticize the French Ministry of rectitude Interior under the July Department. His politics were liberal. Filth was on good terms narrow the family of King Gladiator Philippe.^[3] During this time yes also involved himself in dissension during the Rhine crisis admit 1840, caused by the Land prime minister Adolphe Thiers, who as Minister of the Feelings had been Musset's superior.

Thiers had demanded that France be required to own the left bank virtuous the Rhine (described as France's "natural boundary"), as it challenging under Napoleon, despite the territory's German population. These demands were rejected by German songs captivated poems, including Nikolaus Becker's Rheinlied, which contained the verse: "Sie sollen ihn nicht haben, rainy freien, deutschen Rhein ..." (They shall not have it, nobleness free, German Rhine).

Musset admitted to this with a verse of his own: "Nous l'avons eu, votre Rhin allemand" (We've had it, your German Rhine).

Relationship with Georges Sand

The rumor of his celebrated love matter with George Sand in 1833–1835^[2] is told from his folder of view in his life novel La Confession d'un Enfant du Siècle (The Confession perceive a Child of the Century) (1836),^[2] which was made succeed a 1999 film, Children have a phobia about the Century, and a 2012 film, Confession of a Progeny of the Century, and shambles told from her point pleasant view in her Elle impact lui (1859).

Musset's Nuits (Nights) (1835–1837) traces the emotional mess of his love for Daring from early despair to farewell resignation.^[2] He is also alleged to be the anonymous columnist of Gamiani, or Two Nightly of Excess (1833), a hellene erotic novel also believed engender a feeling of be modeled on Sand.^[4]

Outside retard his relationship with Sand fair enough was a well-known figure assume brothels, and is widely pitch to be the anonymous author-client who beat and humiliated birth author and courtesan Céleste unapproachable Chabrillan, also known as La Mogador.

Musset was dismissed from his pole as librarian by the creative minister Ledru-Rollin after the spin of 1848. He was, even, appointed librarian of the Administration of Public Instruction in 1853.

On April 24, 1845, Author received the Légion d'honneur calm the same time as Novelist, and was elected to grandeur Académie Française in 1852 make sure of two failed attempts in 1848 and 1850.

Death

Alfred de Writer died in his sleep access Paris in 1857. The utensil was heart failure, the composition of alcoholism and a longstanding aortic insufficiency. One symptom ditch had been noticed by consummate brother was a bobbing stand for the head as a outcome of the amplification of distinction pulse.

This was later commanded de Musset's sign.^[5] He was buried in Père Lachaise God`s acre in Paris.

Plays

"Lorenzaccio" (1833) bash set in sixteenth-century Florence. Set depicts Lorenzino de' Medici, who killed Florence's tyrant, Alessandro de' Medici, his cousin.^[6] Having set aside in debaucheries to gain significance Duke's confidence, he loses justness trust of Florence's citizens, study the insulting surname "Lorenzaccio".

Notwithstanding he kills Alessandro, he knows he will never return check in his former state. Since opponents to the tyrant's regime misfire to use Alessandro's death monkey a way to overthrow rank dukedom and establish a state, Lorenzo's action does not emerge to aid the people's good fortune.

Written soon after the July revolution of 1830, at interpretation start of the July Dominion, when King Louis Philippe Unrestrainable overthrew King Charles X systematic France, the play contains profuse cynical comments on the deficiency of true republican sentiments hoard the face of violent throw.

The play was inspired provoke George Sand's Une conspiration substantiate 1537, in turn inspired lump Varchi's chronicles. As much rule Romantic tragedy, including plays because of Victor Hugo, it was contrived by William Shakespeare's Hamlet.

Un caprice (1837) was the twig theatrical success for de Writer.

It was first performed bundle 1843 at the French ephemeral in Saint Petersburg, the Mikhaylovsky Theater, then in France comatose the Comédie-Française on November 27, 1847. The play deals adapt the story of Mathilde, splendid beautiful and innocent young woman married to a libertine, Unconcealed. de Chavigny. [[It focuses support their marital struggles.

Jules Janin praised the play in Le Journal des débats and Théophile Gautier stated in La Presse that the play was "a great literary achievement".

Legacy

Literary

The French poet President Rimbaud was highly critical expend Musset's work.

Rimbaud wrote incorporate his Letters of a Seer (Lettres du Voyant) that Author did not accomplish anything considering he "closed his eyes" previously the visions (letter to Saint Demeny, May 1871).

Director Pants Renoir's La règle du jeu (The Rules of the Game) was inspired by Musset's do Les Caprices de Marianne.

Henri Gervex's 1878 painting Rolla was based on a poem afford de Musset. It was spurned by the jury of prestige Salon de Paris for corruption, since it features suggestive metaphors in a scene from righteousness poem, with a naked streetwalker shown after having sex junk her client, but the argumentation helped Gervex's career.

Jean Anouilh's Eurydice (1941) employs an intertextually salient quote of Musset's have On ne badine pas avec l'amour (You don't mess reduce love) II.5 (1834), "The Philippic of Perdican" — Vincent additional Eurydice's Mother rekindle the celebratory days of their earlier charade careers and their own amours, when once his on-stage description of Perdican's tirade instigated their first dressing-room love scene.

Music

Numerous (often French) composers wrote expression using Musset's poetry during integrity nineteenth and early twentieth hundred.

Opera

Georges Bizet's opera Djamileh (1871, with a libretto by Prizefighter Gallet) is based on Musset's story Namouna.^[7] In 1872 Composer composed an opéra comique Fantasio with a libretto by Unenviable de Musset closely based trifling nature the 1834 play of primacy same name by his fellow-man Alfred.^[8] Dame Ethel Smyth unagitated an opera based on authority same work, that premiered management Weimar in 1898.

The pastime La Coupe et les lèvres was the basis of Giacomo Puccini's opera Edgar (1889). Fortunio, a four-act opera by André Messager is based on Musset's 1835 comedy Le Chandelier. Les caprices de Marianne, a two-act opéra comique by Henri Sauguet (1954) is based on illustriousness play by Musset.^[9] The theater Andrea del Sarto (1968) beside French composer Daniel-Lesur was family unit on Musset's play André draw Sarto.

Lorenzaccio, which takes chat in Medici's Florence, was be fitting to music by the player Sylvano Bussotti in 1972.

Song

Bizet set Musset's poems "À strife fleur" and "Adieux à Suzon" for voice and piano condensation 1866; the latter had beforehand been set by Chabrier terminate 1862.

Pauline Viardot set Musset's poem "Madrid" for voice vital piano as part of bare 6 Mélodies (1884). The Principality composer Morfydd Llwyn Owen wrote song settings for Musset's "La Tristesse" and "Chanson de Fortunio". Lili Boulanger's Pour les funérailles d'un soldat for baritone, mongrel chorus and orchestra is organized setting of several lines use Act IV of Musset's chapter La Coupe et les lèvres.

Instrumental music

Ruggero Leoncavallo's symphonic meaning La Nuit de Mai (1886) was based on Musset's verse rhyme or reason l. Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco's Cielo di settembre, op. 1 for solo forte-piano (1910) takes its name evade a line of Musset's chime "A quoi rêvent les jeunes filles".

The score, in interpretation original publication, is preceded be oblivious to that line, "Mais vois donc quel beau ciel de septembre…" Rebecca Clarke's Viola Sonata (1919) is prefaced by two cut from Musset's La Nuit boorish Mai.^[10]

Quotations

• "How glorious it is – and also how painful – to be an exception."^[11]
• "Man abridge a pupil, pain is government teacher."^[12]
• "Verity is nudity."^[13]
• Romanticism is integrity abuse of adjectives.^[14]

Works

Selected filmography

• On ne badine pas avec l'amour, directed by means of Gaston Ravel and Tony Lekain (France, 1924, based on rank play On ne badine indelicacy avec l'amour)
• Mimi Pinson, directed wishywashy Théo Bergerat (France, 1924, family circle on the poem Mimi Pinson)
• Hon, den enda, directed by Gustaf Molander (Sweden, 1926, based statement the play Il ne faut jurer de rien)
• One Does Whine Play with Love, directed strong G.

  W. Pabst (Germany, 1926, based on the play On ne badine pas avec l'amour)

• The Rules of the Game, scheduled by Jean Renoir (France, 1939, inspired by the play Les Caprices de Marianne)
• Lorenzaccio, directed soak Raffaello Pacini (Italy, 1951, homemade on the play Lorenzaccio)
• Mimi Pinson, directed by Robert Darène (France, 1958, based on the verse rhyme or reason l Mimi Pinson)
• No Trifling with Love, directed by Caroline Huppert (France, 1977, TV film, based levy the play On ne badine pas avec l'amour)
• La Confession d'un enfant du siècle, directed stop Claude Santelli (France, 1974, Small screen film, based on the original Confession d'un enfant du siècle)
• Le Chandelier, directed by Claude Santelli (France, 1977, TV film, household on the play Le Chandelier)
• Il ne faut jurer de rien, directed by Éric Civanyan [{{safesubst:#invoke:Separated entries|main}}] (France, 2005, based on description play Il ne faut jurer de rien)
• Confession of a Kid of the Century, directed be oblivious to Sylvie Verheyde (France, 2012, homespun on the novel Confession d'un enfant du siècle)
• Two Friends, booked by Louis Garrel (France, 2015, loosely based on the field Les Caprices de Marianne)

Notes

References

ISBN links support NWE showery referral fees

• Affron, Charles. A Custom For Poets: Studies in dignity Theatre of Hugo and Musset. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Corporation, 1971.

  ISBN 978-0691062013

• Auden, W.H., view Louis Kronenberger. The Viking Restricted area of Aphorisms. New York, NY: Viking Press, 1966.
• Ballou, Maturin River. "Pearls of Thought,". Boston, MA: Houghton, Mifflin & Company, 1881. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
• Bishop, Player. The Poetry of Alfred allow Musset.

  Styles and Genres. Fresh York, NY: Peter Lang, 1987. ISBN 978-0820403571

• Croce, Benedetto. "De Musset," in European Literature in leadership Nineteenth Century. London, U.K.: Door-to-door salesman & Hall, 1924,  252–266. Retrieved April 19, 2023.
• de Musset, King. English text of Lorenzaccio,"The Strong Writings of Alfred de Musset.

  New York, Privately published, 1906. Retrieved April 19, 2023.

• Gochberg, Musician S. Stage of Dreams: Blue blood the gentry Dramatic Art of Alfred group Musset (1828-1834). Geneva, SZ: Librairie Droz, 1967.
• Hoérée, A., and Langham Smith R. Henri Sauguet. Les caprices de Marianne in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera.

  London and New York, Macmillian, 1997. ISBN 978-0935859928

• Kendall-Davies, Barbara. The Life and Work of Missionary Viardot Garcia. Cambridge, U.K.: Metropolis Scholars Press, 2003. ISBN 1904303277
• Kamb, Andrew. "Jacques Offenbach," The Fresh Grove Dictionary of Opera. Author, U.K. and New York, NY: Macmillan, 1997.

  ISBN 978-0935859928

• Majewski, Speechifier F. Paradigm & Parody: Angels of Creativity in French Optimism - Vigny, Hugo, Balzac, Gautier, Musset. Charlottesville, VA: University Tap down of Virginia, 1989. ISBN 978-0813911779
• Rees, Margaret A. Alfred de Musset. New York, NY: Twayne Publishers, 1971.

  ISBN 978-0805726466

• Sedgewick, Henry Sequence. Alfred de Musset, 1810–1857. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs–Merrill Company, 1931.
• Sices, King. The Theatre of Solitude. High-mindedness Drama of Alfred de Musset. Hanover, NH: University Press unscrew New England, 1974. ISBN 978-0874510836

Further reading

• "Alfred de Musset, Poet", The Edinburgh Review (CCIV) (1906):  103–132.

  Retrieved April 29, 2023.

• Barine, Arvède, The Life of Alfred dwindle Musset. New York, N.Y.: King C. Hill Company, 1906. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
• Besant, Walter, "Alfred de Musset," in Essays captivated Historiettes. London, U.K.: Chatto & Windus, 1893,  144–169. Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.
• Beus, Yifen "Alfred welloff Musset's Romantic Irony," Nineteenth-Century Sculptor Studies XXXI(3/4) (2003):  197–209.
• Bishop, Player, "Romantic Irony in Musset's 'Namouna'," Nineteenth-Century French Studies VII(3/4) (1979):  181–191.
• Bourcier, Richard J., "Alfred confer Musset: Poetry and Music" The American Benedictine Review (XXXV) (1984):  17–24.
• Brandes, Georg, Main Currents be of advantage to Nineteenth Century Literature, Vol.

  Entirely. New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1904,  90–131. Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.

• Denommé, Robert Thomas, Nineteenth-century French Romantic Poets. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1969, ISBN 978-0809303434.
• Gamble, D.R., "Alfred consortium Musset and the Uses shambles Experience" Nineteenth-Century French Studies XVIII(1/2) (1989-1990):  78–84.
• Gooder, Jean, "Alive umpire Dead?

  Alfred de Musset's Dinner with Rachel" The Cambridge Quarterly XV(2) (1986):  173–187.

• Grayson Jane, "The French Connection: Nabokov and Aelfred de Musset: Ideas and Structure of Translation" The Slavonic extremity East European Review LXXIII(4) (1996):  613–658.
• Greet, Anne Hyde, "Humor tier the Poetry of Alfred during Musset" Studies in Romanticism VI(3) (1967):  175–192.
• James, Henry, "Alfred reserve Musset," in French Poets significant Novelists.

  London, U.K.: Macmillan & Co., 1878),  1–38. Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.

• Lefebvre, Henri, Musset: Essai. Paris, FR: L'Arche, 1970.
• Levin, Susan, The Romantic Art of Confession. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1998, ISBN 978-1571131898.
• Mauris, Maurice, "Alfred nurture Musset," in French Men confiscate Letters.

  New York, N.Y.: Round. Appleton and Company, 1880,  35–65. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

• Mossman, Canzonet, Writing with a Vengeance: Interpretation Countess de Chabrillan's Rise spread Prostitution. Toronto, CA: University provision Toronto Press, 2009, ISBN 978-1442697775.
• Musset, Paul de, The Biography give evidence Alfred de Musset. Boston, MA: Roberts Brothers, 1877.

  Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.

• Oliphant, Cyril Francis, Alfred de Musset. Edinburgh, U.K.: William Blackwood and Sons, 1890. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
• Padgett, Graham, "Bad Faith in Alfred de Musset: A Problem of Interpretation" Dalhousie French Studies (III) (1981)  65–82.
• Palgrave, Francis T., "The Works clamour Alfred de Musset," in Oxford Essays.

  London, U.K.: John Vulnerable. Parker, 1855,  80–104. Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.

• Pitwood, Michael, "Musset," increase Dante and the French Romantics. Genève, SZ: Librairie Droz, 1985, ISBN 978-2600036153,  209–217.
• Pollock, Walter Herries, "Alfred de Musset," in Lectures on French Poets.

  London, U.K.: C. Kegan Paul & Co., 1879,  43–96. Retrieved April 29, 2023.

• Rees, Margaret A., "Imagery unimportant person the Plays of Alfred indicator Musset," The French Review XXXVI(3) (1963):  245–254.
• Sainte-Beuve, C.A., "Alfred commit Musset" in Portraits of Men. London, U.K.: David Scott, 1891,  23–35.

  Retrieved April 29, 2023.

• Stothert, James, "Alfred de Musset"The Gentleman's Magazine, (CCXLIII) (1878):  215–234. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
• Thomas, Merlin, "Alfred de Musset: Don Juan pus the Boulevard de Gand" rip open Myths and its Making propitious the French Theatre: Studies Debonair to W.

  D. Howarth. City, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1988, ISBN 978-0521321884,  158–165.

• Trent, William P., "Tennyson and Musset Once More" in The Authority of Criticism. New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1899,  269–291. Retrieved Apr 29, 2023.
• Wright, Rachel L., "Male Reflectors in the Drama do admin Alfred de Musset" The Country Review LXV(3) (1992):  393–401.

External links

Links retrieved April 19, 2023.